In plain English
The version that fails is the one with a stock photograph, an invented name and a list of hobbies. Nobody has ever made a marketing decision better by knowing that Marketing Mary enjoys yoga.
The version that works records three things: what problem they are trying to solve, what they are worried about, and what words they use. All three come from talking to actual customers.
What to know
Why it matters
A persona built from real conversations settles arguments about messaging by referring to evidence rather than opinion. One built from imagination just relocates the opinion into a document.
Common mistakes
FAQs
How many personas do I need?
Usually one or two. More than three and none of them get used.
Where does the research come from?
Ten customer conversations tell you more than any amount of desk research.
I'm a marketing consultant, entrepreneur and content creator. I help businesses grow through practical marketing, websites, SEO, content and AI.
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